Git is a distributed version control system DVCS designed for efficient source code management, suitable for both small and large projects. It allows multiple developers to work on a project simultaneously without overwriting changes, supporting collaborative work, continuous integration, and deployment. This Git and GitHub tutorial is designed for beginners to learn fundamentals and advanced concepts, including branching, pushing, merging conflicts, and essential Git commands. Prerequisites include familiarity with the command line interface CLI, a text editor, and basic programming concepts. Git was developed by Linus Torvalds for Linux kernel development and tracks changes, manages versions, and enables collaboration among developers. It provides a complete backup of project history in a repository. GitHub is a hosting service for Git repositories, facilitating project access, collaboration, and version control. The tutorial covers topics such as Git installation, repository creation, Git Bash usage, managing branches, resolving conflicts, and working with platforms like Bitbucket and GitHub. The text is a comprehensive guide to using Git and GitHub, covering a wide range of topics. It includes instructions on working directories, using submodules, writing good commit messages, deleting local repositories, and understanding Git workflows like Git Flow versus GitHub Flow. There are sections on packfiles, garbage collection, and the differences between concepts like HEAD, working tree, and index. Installation instructions for Git across various platforms Ubuntu, macOS, Windows, Raspberry Pi, Termux, etc. are provided, along with credential setup. The guide explains essential Git commands, their usage, and advanced topics like debugging, merging, rebasing, patch operations, hooks, subtree, filtering commit history, and handling merge conflicts. It also covers managing branches, syncing forks, searching errors, and differences between various Git operations e.g., push origin vs. push origin master, merging vs. rebasing. The text provides a comprehensive guide on using Git and GitHub. It covers creating repositories, adding code of conduct, forking and cloning projects, and adding various media files to a repository. The text explains how to push projects, handle authentication issues, solve common Git problems, and manage repositories. It discusses using different IDEs like VSCode, Android Studio, and PyCharm, for Git operations, including creating branches and pull requests. Additionally, it details deploying applications to platforms like Heroku and Firebase, publishing static websites on GitHub Pages, and collaborating on GitHub. Other topics include the use of Git with R and Eclipse, configuring OAuth apps, generating personal access tokens, and setting up GitLab repositories. The text covers various topics related to Git, GitHub, and other version control systems Key Pointers Git is a distributed version control system DVCS for source code management. Supports collaboration, continuous integration, and deployment. Suitable for both small and large projects. Developed by Linus Torvalds for Linux kernel development. Tracks changes, manages versions, and provides complete project history. GitHub is a hosting service for Git repositories. Tutorial covers Git and GitHub fundamentals and advanced concepts. Includes instructions on installation, repository creation, and Git Bash usage. Explains managing branches, resolving conflicts, and using platforms like Bitbucket and GitHub. Covers working directories, submodules, commit messages, and Git workflows. Details packfiles, garbage collection, and Git concepts HEAD, working tree, index. Provides Git installation instructions for various platforms. Explains essential Git commands and advanced topics debugging, merging, rebasing. Covers branch management, syncing forks, and differences between Git operations. Discusses using different IDEs for Git operations and deploying applications. Details using Git with R, Eclipse, and setting up GitLab repositories. Explains CI/CD processes and using GitHub Actions. Covers internal workings of Git and its decentralized model. Highlights differences between Git version control system and GitHub hosting platform.
In C programming language, we can use the scanf()
and printf()
functions to take input and output data respectively. In this article, we will write a C program to print your own name using these two functions in two way.
Example 1: In this example, we print the user name using printf() function.
// C program to demonstrate printing of
// our own name using printf()
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
// print name
printf("Name : Codegyan");
return 0;
}
Output :
Name : Codegyan
Example 2: In this example, we use scanf() to accept the name as input from the user and then print it.
Here's how the program will work:
- We will declare a character array to store our name.
- We will then use the
scanf()
function to take input from the user and store it in the array. - Finally, we will use the
printf()
function to print the name that we just stored.
Here's the complete code:
// C program to demonstrate printing of
// our own name using scanf()
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[50];
printf("Enter your name: ");
scanf("%s", name);
printf("Your name is: %s\n", name);
return 0;
}
Output :
Enter your name: Codegyan
Your name is : Codegyan
Let's break down the code step by step:
- We start by including the
stdio.h
header file which contains thescanf()
andprintf()
functions. - We then declare a character array
name
of size 50. This will be used to store the name entered by the user. - We then use the
printf()
function to display a message on the screen, asking the user to enter their name. - We use the
scanf()
function to take input from the user and store it in thename
array. - Finally, we use the
printf()
function to display the name entered by the user. The%s
format specifier is used to indicate that we are printing a string.
That's it! When you run the program, you will be prompted to enter your name. Once you enter your name and press enter, the program will print it on the screen.
It's important to note that the scanf()
function is susceptible to buffer overflow attacks if the input exceeds the size of the buffer. Therefore, it's a good practice to use the fgets()
function instead of scanf()
when taking input from the user. However, for this simple program, we can use scanf()
without any issues.
In conclusion, this program demonstrates how to use the scanf()
and printf()
functions to take input and output data respectively in C programming language.