Git is a distributed version control system DVCS designed for efficient source code management, suitable for both small and large projects. It allows multiple developers to work on a project simultaneously without overwriting changes, supporting collaborative work, continuous integration, and deployment. This Git and GitHub tutorial is designed for beginners to learn fundamentals and advanced concepts, including branching, pushing, merging conflicts, and essential Git commands. Prerequisites include familiarity with the command line interface CLI, a text editor, and basic programming concepts. Git was developed by Linus Torvalds for Linux kernel development and tracks changes, manages versions, and enables collaboration among developers. It provides a complete backup of project history in a repository. GitHub is a hosting service for Git repositories, facilitating project access, collaboration, and version control. The tutorial covers topics such as Git installation, repository creation, Git Bash usage, managing branches, resolving conflicts, and working with platforms like Bitbucket and GitHub. The text is a comprehensive guide to using Git and GitHub, covering a wide range of topics. It includes instructions on working directories, using submodules, writing good commit messages, deleting local repositories, and understanding Git workflows like Git Flow versus GitHub Flow. There are sections on packfiles, garbage collection, and the differences between concepts like HEAD, working tree, and index. Installation instructions for Git across various platforms Ubuntu, macOS, Windows, Raspberry Pi, Termux, etc. are provided, along with credential setup. The guide explains essential Git commands, their usage, and advanced topics like debugging, merging, rebasing, patch operations, hooks, subtree, filtering commit history, and handling merge conflicts. It also covers managing branches, syncing forks, searching errors, and differences between various Git operations e.g., push origin vs. push origin master, merging vs. rebasing. The text provides a comprehensive guide on using Git and GitHub. It covers creating repositories, adding code of conduct, forking and cloning projects, and adding various media files to a repository. The text explains how to push projects, handle authentication issues, solve common Git problems, and manage repositories. It discusses using different IDEs like VSCode, Android Studio, and PyCharm, for Git operations, including creating branches and pull requests. Additionally, it details deploying applications to platforms like Heroku and Firebase, publishing static websites on GitHub Pages, and collaborating on GitHub. Other topics include the use of Git with R and Eclipse, configuring OAuth apps, generating personal access tokens, and setting up GitLab repositories. The text covers various topics related to Git, GitHub, and other version control systems Key Pointers Git is a distributed version control system DVCS for source code management. Supports collaboration, continuous integration, and deployment. Suitable for both small and large projects. Developed by Linus Torvalds for Linux kernel development. Tracks changes, manages versions, and provides complete project history. GitHub is a hosting service for Git repositories. Tutorial covers Git and GitHub fundamentals and advanced concepts. Includes instructions on installation, repository creation, and Git Bash usage. Explains managing branches, resolving conflicts, and using platforms like Bitbucket and GitHub. Covers working directories, submodules, commit messages, and Git workflows. Details packfiles, garbage collection, and Git concepts HEAD, working tree, index. Provides Git installation instructions for various platforms. Explains essential Git commands and advanced topics debugging, merging, rebasing. Covers branch management, syncing forks, and differences between Git operations. Discusses using different IDEs for Git operations and deploying applications. Details using Git with R, Eclipse, and setting up GitLab repositories. Explains CI/CD processes and using GitHub Actions. Covers internal workings of Git and its decentralized model. Highlights differences between Git version control system and GitHub hosting platform.
- Long URL of the video – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fucjg5y8FiY
- Short URL of the same video – https://youtu.be/Fucjg5y8FiY
Fucjg5y8FiY of 11 lengths long and this ID is unique to each video and we need only this ID to get the thumbnail of this video. Using JavaScript, first, I got the user entered video URL and split it from the v= if the URL is long or split it from /be if the URL is short to get only video ID.
After I got the video ID, https://img.youtube.com/vi/VID_ID/maxresdefault.jpg is the thumbnail URL of the YouTube video. If you open this URL by replacing VID_ID with some random video ID then you’ll get a thumbnail of that video. I just replaced this VID_ID with the user entered video ID and inserted this full URL inside <img src=”thumbnail_url”> to show an image preview and at the same time I passed this URL in value of a hidden input to download this thumbnail using PHP. That’s it after I got a thumbnail, I just download it using PHP cURL.
Remember, YouTube has four types of thumbnail URLs and in this project, I only used one of them.
- Low-Quality – https://img.youtube.com/vi/VID_ID/sddefault.jpg
- Medium-Quality – https://img.youtube.com/vi/VID_ID/mqdefault.jpg
- Hight-Quality – https://img.youtube.com/vi/VID_ID/hqdefault.jpg
- Max High-Quality – https://img.youtube.com/vi/VID_ID/maxresdefault.jpg
Download YouTube Video Thumbnail ( Source Code )
To create this program [Download YouTube Video Thumbnail]. First, you need to create two Files one PHP File and another one is CSS File. After creating these files just copy paste the following codes into your file. Firstly, we are going to create a PHP file with the name of index.php and paste the given codes into your PHP file.PHP
<?php
if(isset($_POST['button'])){
$imgUrl = $_POST['imgurl'];
$ch = curl_init($imgUrl);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$downloadImg = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
header('Content-type: image/jpg');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="thumbnail.jpg"');
echo $downloadImg;
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- Coding By Codegyan - codegyan.in -->
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Download YouTube Video Thumbnail | Codegyan</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.3/css/all.min.css"/>
</head>
<body>
<form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="POST">
<header>Download Thumbnail</header>
<div class="url-input">
<span class="title">Paste video url:</span>
<div class="field">
<input type="text" placeholder="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kl89vG4t55Y" required>
<input class="hidden-input" type="hidden" name="imgurl">
<span class="bottom-line"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="preview-area">
<img class="thumbnail" src="" alt="">
<i class="icon fas fa-cloud-download-alt"></i>
<span>Paste video url to see preview</span>
</div>
<button class="download-btn" type="submit" name="button">Download Thumbnail</button>
</form>
<script>
const urlField = document.querySelector(".field input"),
previewArea = document.querySelector(".preview-area"),
imgTag = previewArea.querySelector(".thumbnail"),
hiddenInput = document.querySelector(".hidden-input"),
button = document.querySelector(".download-btn");
urlField.onkeyup = ()=>{
let imgUrl = urlField.value;
previewArea.classList.add("active");
button.style.pointerEvents = "auto";
if(imgUrl.indexOf("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=") != -1){
let vidId = imgUrl.split('v=')[1].substring(0, 11);
let ytImgUrl = `https://img.youtube.com/vi/${vidId}/maxresdefault.jpg`;
imgTag.src = ytImgUrl;
}else if(imgUrl.indexOf("https://youtu.be/") != -1){
let vidId = imgUrl.split('be/')[1].substring(0, 11);
let ytImgUrl = `https://img.youtube.com/vi/${vidId}/maxresdefault.jpg`;
imgTag.src = ytImgUrl;
}else if(imgUrl.match(/\.(jpe?g|png|gif|bmp|webp)$/i)){
imgTag.src = imgUrl;
}else{
imgTag.src = "";
button.style.pointerEvents = "none";
previewArea.classList.remove("active");
}
hiddenInput.value = imgTag.src;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>CSS
Lastly, create a CSS file with the name of style.css and Copy paste the given codes in your CSS file.
/* Import Google font - Poppins & Noto */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Sans:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Poppins:wght@400;500;600&display=swap');
*{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
}
body{
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
min-height: 100vh;
background: #7D2AE8;
}
::selection{
color: #fff;
background: #7D2AE8;
}
form{
width: 450px;
background: #fff;
padding: 30px ;
border-radius: 5px;
box-shadow: 10px 10px 13px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
form header{
text-align: center;
font-size: 28px;
font-weight: 500;
margin-top: 10px;
color: #7D2AE8;
}
form .url-input{
margin: 30px 0;
}
.url-input .title{
font-size: 18px;
color: #373737;
}
.url-input .field{
margin-top: 5px;
height: 50px;
width: 100%;
position: relative;
}
.url-input .field input{
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
border: none;
outline: none;
padding: 0 15px;
font-size: 15px;
background: #F1F1F7;
border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif;
}
.url-input .field input::placeholder{
color: #b3b3b3;
}
.url-input .field .bottom-line{
position: absolute;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
height: 2px;
width: 100%;
background: #7D2AE8;
transform: scale(0);
transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}
.url-input .field input:focus ~ .bottom-line,
.url-input .field input:valid ~ .bottom-line{
transform: scale(1);
}
form .preview-area{
border-radius: 5px;
height: 220px;
display: flex;
overflow: hidden;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
flex-direction: column;
border: 2px dashed #8e46ec;
}
.preview-area.active{
border: none;
}
.preview-area .thumbnail{
width: 100%;
display: none;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.preview-area.active .thumbnail{
display: block;
}
.preview-area.active .icon,
.preview-area.active span{
display: none;
}
.preview-area .icon{
color: #8e46ec;
font-size: 80px;
}
.preview-area span{
color: #8e46ec;
margin-top: 25px;
}
form .download-btn{
color: #fff;
height: 53px;
width: 100%;
outline: none;
border: none;
font-size: 17px;
font-weight: 500;
cursor: pointer;
margin: 30px 0 20px 0;
border-radius: 5px;
background: #7D2AE8;
pointer-events: none;
transition: background 0.3s ease;
}
.download-btn:hover{
background: #6616d0;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 460px){
body{
padding: 0 20px;
}
form header{
font-size: 24px;
}
.url-input .field,
form .download-btn{
height: 45px;
}
form .download-btn{
font-size: 15px;
}
form .preview-area{
height: 130px;
}
.preview-area .icon{
font-size: 50px;
}
.preview-area span{
margin-top: 10px;
font-size: 12px;
}
}